DEFINITION, FUNCTION, AND STRUCTURE OF THE PANCREAS

DEFINITION, FUNCTION, AND STRUCTURE OF THE PANCREAS

     Welcome to the Science Lovers, blogs that share their knowledge with full sincerity. This time we will discuss the topic of the pancreas, some of the main topics is the Definition of Pancreas, Parts Pancreas, Pancreatic function, as organs Endocrine Pancreas and pancreas as exocrine organ.

A. DEFINITIONS PANCREAS

    The pancreas is a gland with a length of 12-15 cm and 4 cm wide which is located in the abdomen and has two main functions, which produce digestive enzymes (exocrine function) and the Generate hormone (endocrine function). The pancreas is located in the upper abdomen extending to the left, and the head seemed attached to the duodenum (intestine 12 fingers) when described.

B. PANCREAS PARTS

    The pancreas is divided into four main parts, namely the head, neck, body, and tail.

1. The pancreas head is attached to the visible part of the small intestine, the head is the widest part of the pancreas.

2. The pancreas is a part of the neck of the pancreas are about 2.5 cm in length and is located between the head and body.

3.  Pankeras Agency, which is part of the pancreas, located between the neck and tail, also called the most important part of the pancreas.

4.  The pancreas is a tapered tail section located in the left abdomen, the tail is the last part of the body of the pancreas.

5.  Pancreatic duct (pancreatic duct), is a channel of the pancreatic duct that will blend with koledukus (bile duct) and will empty into the duodenum (intestine 12 fingers). Pancreatic duct will issue various enzymes from the pancreas to help the digestive system.

C. FUNCTIONS PANCREAS

As we have discussed above, the pancreas is an organ exocrine and endocrine organ that has two main functions, namely:

1. Pancreatic exocrine AS ORGAN

    When the food started coming out of the stomach into the small intestine to the first or the duodenum, the duodenum will produce the hormone cholecystokinin which stimulates the pancreas to secrete an enzyme - enzyme (pancreatic juice) through the pancreatic duct before. Sap pancreas or digestive enzymes produced by the earlier Asini is a collection of pancreatic cells. Pancreatic some sap content between Other:

1. NaCHO3 is a liquid that serves to provide alkaline conditions in the food that enters the duodenum, because the food that comes from the stomach is acidic due to the influence bounce acid. If this continues acidic food as it passes through the intestines, it can injure the intestinal wall. In addition acidic conditions can also lead to other enzymes of pancreatic juice is not active.

2. Pancreatic Lipase, an enzyme that serves to break down fats into fatty acids + glycerol. Besides a role in the digestion of fat, Lipase can also regulates fat storage so that not too much in the body.

3. Trypsinogen, is a component of Proteinase (breaking) protein that has not been activated, when active, he will turn into enzymes trypsin and peptone serves to break down into amino acids.

4.  Amylase enzymes functioning pancreas is changing starch which is poliksarida into monosaccharides (sugars simplest). This is done because the body can only absorb sugar in the form of monosaccharides.

5.  Pancreatic enzyme carbohydrase, an enzyme that serves to break down the sugar in foods. It serves a variety of enzymes break down disaccharides into two monosaccharides (the simplest form of sugar). This is done because the body can only absorb sugar in the form of monosaccharides. Examples of carbohydrases Pancreatic enzymes are maltase, lactase, sucrase, etc.

Conclusion :

The pancreas has many roles as an exocrine organ, but in handcuffs can be divided into two main roles:

1. The pancreas serves to neutralize the pH of eating into the duodenum in order to be in alkaline conditions. The aim is that the food is not acidic, because of acidic foods may injure the intestinal wall and can create other pancreatic enzymes do not function.
2. Pancreas works to produce a variety of enzymes that can digest food into the small intestine. These enzymes have the function respectively, but overall they serve to break down complex molecules into simpler molecules that can be absorbed by the body.

  

2. Pancreatic Endocrine AS ORGAN

   On the island there is a human pancreas Langerhans run Endocrine function of the pancreas. Islets of Langerhans is a group of small cells scattered throughout the pancreas, rich in blood vessels and make up 1-2% of the total mass of the pancreas. Islets of Langerhans consist of 4 kinds of cells, and each cell produces different hormones, and each hormone has a different function. 4 cells are:

1. Sela Alfa pancreas, the cells whose function is to produce hormones Glucagon. Glucagon is a hormone used to increase blood sugar levels, and break down the sugar reserves in the liver and bring it to the blood.
2. Pancreatic beta cells, the cells that function to produce the hormone insulin. Hormone Insulin serves to lower blood sugar levels, when excessive blood sugar levels, the insulin will store the excess sugar in the liver. When insulin is not there, or a little then that person will be affected by diabetes mellitus.
3. Cells F Pancreas (Pancreatic gamma cells), the cells that function to produce pancreatic polypeptide. This polypeptide may serve to slow the absorption of food, but its main function is still unknown.
4. Delta Pancreas cell, a cell that produces somatostatin. Somatostatin hormone Glucagon serves to inhibit secretion by pancreatic Alfa sidelines, and inhibits insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells, and inhibit the production of the polypeptide by F cells of the pancreas. Essentially Hormone Somatostatin inhibits the secretion of other cells.

    Conclusion

Endocrine function of the pancreas as the organ for Controlling blood sugar (glucose) in the blood.

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